Dissolution of name one calls the procedures, it makes possible names to dissolve names of computers and/or services into an address processable of the computer.

Humans note more easily speaking name, the computers must however numeric addresses use. E.G. in the Internet names are used as address (www.wikipedia.de). The names must be dissolved into a IP address, so that the computer can reach the Internet side. The dissolution of name for www.wikipedia.de returns the delivery the IP address 207.142.131.235.

Hostname and NetBIOS name

With respect to nets with TCP/IP two different types are differentiated from names, the hostname and the NetBIOS name.

Host name

The host names are predominantly converted with the Domain Name System (DNS) into a IP address. One speaks therefore with the dissolution of the host name into a IP address of the DNS .

NetBIOS name

In order to dissolve NetBIOS names in IP addresses, a NetBIOS is accomplished.

Procedure for dissolving names

The process of dissolution of name can be made by several stages. Different procedures for the course come, until a name could be dissolved into an address.

Local Cache:

The computer checks in its local Cache whether it dissolved this name already once. If, the necessary IP address is in the Cache, over which it can develop the connection. There is a local Cache for NetBIOS names and for host names.

Figurative comparison: One would like to call someone, with which one telephoned recently already once. One knows therefore the telephone number by heart.

Broadcast (broadcast):

Over a Broadcast in the directly attached net one tries to make the names. If an answer with the IP address returns, the name is registered into the local Cache. The connection can be developed over the IP address. Disadvantage here is that a Broadcast remains only in the same net segment and not over rout one passes on. Only names from the same net segment are dissolved.

Figurative comparison: One calls in the area, in which one is the names of the partner, with which one would like to telephone and asks after the telephone number. If one got these, one can call the desired partner. Disadvantage is, it can only the persons be achieved, who are in the same area.

Dissolution of name over local configuration files:

In text files - as in a table - address is assigned to a name the IP. These files are present locally on the computer. The most well-known, which are used for the dissolution of name, are the files of host and lmhosts.

Host the file is used for the DNS . Lmhosts the file becomes in nets, which are based on the LAN manager (Microsoft net, Samba, Samba TNG etc.), for the NetBIOS used.

Names can be dissolved also by computers, which are in another net segment.

Figurative comparison: One was written a note, on which the names with the associated telephone numbers. Is the telephone number of the person on the note can one it call. In addition persons can be achieved, who are not in the same area.

Dissolution of name by special services

On a computer in the net a service is furnished. The names used in the net and the pertinent IP addresses are communicated to this service. The list can be extended statically by manual configuration, in addition, a dynamic actualization is possible. So a computer can e.g. announce itself to the system start automatically to the service and communicate its names with the IP address. The computer must know only the IP address over those the service is attainable. He would like now to a name the IP address knows asks it directly the service.

Names can be dissolved also by computers, which are in another net segment.

In TCP/IP nets two services are used for the dissolution of name.

• WINS server service

The dissolution of Net BIOS name takes over the WINS server. It updates its information dynamically. The computers get the address of the WINS server by the WINS Client configuration communicated.

• DNS server service

The dissolution of hostname takes over the DNS server. Only in the recent generation, (with Microsoft since Windows 2000) the DNS server can update its information dynamically. The computer gets the IP address of the DNS server by the DNS Client configuration communicated.

Figurative comparison: One knows the telephone number of the telephone information. One calls these, if one liked to speak a person and asks for the telephone number of the person. The information updates itself dynamically, if everyone ensures that its name and its telephone number with the telephone information are deposited. Also persons can be achieved by these procedures, who are not in the same area.

The sequence of the application of the procedures

The sequence is not standardized, separates depends on different factors.

• of the used operating system: Thus Windows XP the DNS and Windows 2000 the NetBIOS e.g. priorisiert.
• of used minutes TCP/IP or NetBIOS of over TCP/IP

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