In the start times of the EDP the most different were, usually prop. guessing eras (internal), data cables in use for the various computer systems, which were incompatible among themselves. These cables had a different structure (Coaxial, twin-axially, twisted pair), different plugs (BNC, N-type, railways) and different impedance (50 ohms, 93 ohms, 100 ohms, 105 ohms).

When the company IBM developed the token ring network into the 1980er years, parallel to it also a new type of cable - better said whole series by cables - was developed. The specifications for cables, plugs, Patchpanels and other passive wiring elements were summarized under the term IBM Cabling system (ICS) or in the German-speaking countries "„IBM wiring system "“.

Principal item of the ICS was a Twisted Pair cable two-in pairs, as well as a hermaphroditischer plug, the IBM plug in such a way specified or also ICS plug after IEEE 802.5. While the plug, both the plug and socket were - into itself to thus be could -, for all parts of the wiring permanently installed were intended, terminals a neunpolige railway socket had the token ring.

In the ICS the cables under "„types were summarized "“. In Europe to most common ICS types were 1 and 6:

• IBM type 1

STP (shielded twisted pair), 2 conductors 22 AWG solvently, 150 ohms, 16 MHz; Shifting cable

• IBM type 6

STP, 2 conductors 26 AWG braid, 150 ohms, 16 MHz; Patchkabel

• IBM type 9

STP, 2 conductors 26 AWG braid, 150 ohms, 16 MHz; Terminal lead

Later the specification was extended and different cable types received a "“A"” (for example "“IBM type 1A"”) than indications for the fact that they are certified for an extended frequency range to 300 MHz.

The intention behind the ICS was not however only to develop a cable for the token loop on the contrary a universal wiring system should be sketched, with which all IBM devices used so far can be attached over a uniform building wiring. For this to the ICS a set of adapter plugs, Baluns so mentioned was taken up. Baluns are not only pure mechanical converters of the different plug types, but make above all an impedance match, so that it does not come at the interface of both cable types to disturbing wave reflections.

In this way for example a which a BNC connection for a RG-62 has coaxial cable, could be attached over a building wiring with ICS plugs to its control unit - presupposed, at each end of the ICS Kabelstrecke an appropriate Balun sits.

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