Origin2000 is a solid parallel computer of SGI, which was introduced 1996. This concerns a ccNUMA system with distributed, together used memory (Distributed Shared MEMORY, DSM) with up to 512 MIPS the R10000, R12000 or R14000-Prozessoren with up to 600 MHz over NUMAlink high-speed connections specified to be coupled.

NUMAlink connecting network

The processors of a Origin2000 are attached in pairs to a stroke CROSS bar SWITCHes specified. This stroke are among themselves connected by a network by NUMAlinks, which form and at their knots rout a Hypercube sit. Since the routing chips have only six NUMAlink connections, must be changed over starting from 64 processors to a Fat Hypercube topology. The NUMAlinks transports bi-directional 1.6 Gigabytes.Zu beginning instead of NUMAlink the designation CrayLink was used, in order to likewise refer to on those 1996 effected assumption of Cray Research. Cray technology was however only used in the next NUMAlink generation.

XIO in/expenditure system

Stroke connect the processors beside NUMAlink and memory also with the XBow in/expenditure Crossbar Switches and those altogether to eight in/expenditure or processor maps to be attached can. The used XIO connection is identical electrically to the NUMAlinks, minutes is however for input/output optimized and not Like the NUMAlinks XIO transfers bi-directional 1.6 GB, i.e. a XIO map can transmit data with 800 MB/s into the Origin2000.

Mechanical structure

Each Origin2000 consists of or several "„a Compute module "“, by which two are built in each case into a 19-Zoll-Schrank. Each Compute module takes up to four processor boards with two processors each and up to four gigabyte memory. On the baking tarpaulin of the modules two XBow a /Ausgabe Crossbars are installed, which permit the connection of up to 12 XIO maps. According to standard one is installed "„BaseIO "“map mentioned, which makes console connection, network and mass storage connection available (SCSI). Into a over-broad XIO card location a PCI Cardcage can be inserted, the assembly permitted by up to three PCI66-64-Karten.

Further two routing boards can be inserted, in order to connect it via NUMAlink with other computer modules into each computer module. Each module can be equipped with two CD-ROM and/or DAT drive assemblies and up to six SCSI/SCA non removable disks.

In the development with more than 64 processors must to the cabinets with computer modules further "„Meta routing "“- cabinet come, in order to realize the extension on Fat Hypercube topology. Thus a Origin2000 in maximum extension with 512 processors covers 33

Diagram extension to the Onyx2

By adding one or several "„Graphics modules "“with ever or two InfiniteReality diagram Pipes can be extended a Origin2000 to a Onyx2. In this, from SGI as diagram supercomputers can to each Compute module over XIO up to two Graphics modules with two Pipes designated combination be attached. This makes the structure for complex simulation and Visualiserungsanwendungen possible.

Programming

As the Origin2000 programmed all NUMAlink systems of SGI like a normal SMP system, i.e. there is not necessary special precautions for the distribution of the tasks on the processors or for communication of the processes. This is transferred automatically by the IRIX operating system to co-operation me the hardware. Only if one needs the last 5% achievement, one must optimize the used software for the ccNUMA system. In addition, for cluster systems written programs can be easily portiert over an adapted MPI implementation.

Articles in category "Origin2000"

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Related Websites

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• Links to Origin2000 Sites
  SGI-Cray Origin2000 Supercomputer Repository ... Links to Origin2000 Sites ... Los Alamos National Laboratory 7296 (8x128 + 2x32 + 48x128 (secure) + 2x32 ...


• Origin2000 Training Materials
  SGI-Cray Origin2000 Supercomputer Repository. Origin2000 Training Materials ... ... Origin2000 and Onyx2 Performance Tuning and Optimization Guide ...


• SGI-Cray Origin2000 Supercomputer Repository
  However, as of June 1, 2003, the entire 192-processor SGI Origin2000 system at Boston University has been taken off service and is replaced by a ...