General view

Telematics in PDA concerns itself with cross-linking in mobile belongs above all to WAN, PAN and LAN. This elaboration is the technologies, which are already integrated in PDA, in addition, to still become, close bring and with the economic chances argue.

The Handheld mauserte itself from the electronic appointment calendar without great functions and achievements to the mobile office and multimedia aid in each situation in life. There it was only one question of the time, until the telematics introduction in the PDA sector held - gradually the Handhelds were interlaced "„"“. One availed oneself of mobile communication by means of mobile telephone, whereby both were connected later by cable, infrared or also by Bluetooth radio data transmission.

For some time the first copies have however finally their own binding to the GSM net. The mobile telephone becomes at least redundant in the PDA segment. Thus e.g. are also various data services, like GPRS, with which Handheld available, with which one can enamels mobilely call up now or also by mobile Internet the WAP surfen.

With many PDA to time still standard, in addition, already nearly against from "„the mode "“is the transmission of data by infrared. With this kind of data link (with the mobile telephone or the computer, there only small data sets to be usually transferred can) the PAN is developed by the human eye recognizable the infrared jets not of on the other hand terminal. By the small range of maximally 5 meters, necessary the line of sight connection "„of the infrared eyes "“and by the high susceptibility to interference makes infrared for a less suitable means for the setting up from PAN.

Bluetooth in PDA

Technical view

This standard for short-distance radio finds into ever more terminals a place. Understandably, since one the 2.4 GHz - frequency, on which one transmits, license-free to use can. Thus the money for expensive licenses is saved, which not only the manufacturers, but also the final users can benefit. Data rates of max. 1 Mbit/s (on the average however 128 kbit/s) make Bluetooth for users of PAN particularly interesting.

Other radio standards, like WLAN or Home RF, could obstruct the Datentransfer, since they used the same frequency. However Bluetooth has a solution ready:

about 1600 time per second change the equipment within a certain range the radio frequency. Through these frequency jumps out of the way are gone to complications with other techniques. So a small susceptibility to interference can be ensured despite the license-free usable frequency.

The special however with the use of Bluetooth is:

One needs now no more line of sight connection, as one was used to it from the infrared interface. So one can carry out with devices of Datentransfers, which lie up to 10 m far away. Naturally also by doors and through walls. This function of Bluetooth would demand however much river from each equipment. In addition, but one developed a solution:

There are four fundamental modes, with which Bluetooth works:

Active

• data are exchanged
• the energy consumption is highest

Sniff

• the terminal "“in certain distances after packets
• if necessary mode can switch into the Active
• The energy consumption is smaller in the comparison to the Active mode

Hold

• "„Sleep condition "“, however exists a logical connection to another equipment (data thereby are not transferred)
• if necessary mode can be switched into the Sniff
• the energy consumption is very small

Park

• like Hold mode, however is switched not in the Sniff mode
• the energy consumption is driven down on a minimum measure

Applications

One knows the Handheld with the domestic printer, with which with mobile telephones connect PC, with digital cameras. There is hardly borders set. For many PDA without integrated Bluetooth systems there are already plug-on modules for re-tooling. The industry begins to however already integrate Bluetooth into the terminals.

Economic view

Admitted, the technology is to time at least compared with infrared quite expensively. That is however mainly because of it that the technology still relatively new is. But if only the Asians the Handheld and Smartphonemarkt correctly storm, the prices become only in such a way purzeln. Terminals with Bluetooth are at present much RSR, however take ever more manufacturer the progressive technology also in the offer. Bluetooth will come, to it exists with many manufacturers hardly still doubt now must one for the final consumer only with application possibilities the mouth aqueous make, and then opposes the triumphant advance of Bluetooth nothing more.

Government inspection department navigation in the PDA

Government inspection department navigation is one of the most important components of the traffic telematics, which gains at present ever more significance.

Technical view

Government inspection department is a system for the exact determination of a location. In the 70' ern developed by US the military, was made accessible it late civilians.

To the system only those belong to about 24 satellites, which circle the earth. First it was used mainly for the navigation, but then the automobile industry on the taste and one came integrated telematics systems into cars.

But also for the PDA there are existing government inspection department solutions. In order to be able to navigate with a PDA by government inspection department, one needs only few technical First one needs a terminal, whose processor is efficient enough, in order to ensure the perfect representation of the diagrams and digital maps. Further it is recommended, which the PDA a color display possesses, in order to be able to recognize the diagrams better. And to good-lastly a software package with government inspection department receiver. The receiver is attached in the car, the software is installed and the Handheld is brought into a position well evident to the driver. Now still both devices must be connected by cables. The government inspection department receiver needs at least three satellites for positioning. The data are evaluated to the Handheld sent, by the software, the signal difference and the route computed and the own position on the display is already represented.

Applications

With government inspection department navigation systems by PDA one differentiates at present between Onboard - and off board systems. The only one, which both have still together, is that both need a government inspection department receiver. At present (still) the entrance to sensors remains for each PDA navigation system in the car, which values to the speed, inclination of the car, to etc. to supply, malfunctions. Thus inaccuracies in the government inspection department cannot be eliminated. We come now to the differences:

Onboardsysteme

With these systems the digital maps before driving must be stored on the Handheld. That means very much storage location is needed, which with many terminals the problem becomes and which purchase of a memory card draws. A further disadvantage is missing "„dynamic navigation "“. Since normally no binding exists to the GSM net, also no traffic data can be queried. In "„the ideal case "“that would mean, one drives exactly on 10 km long vacation back-up to or stands abruptly before a closed road. Would be a possibility listens to the traffic radio of going to this problem out of the way which draws then however again a new calculation of the route.

Off board systems

Here the data received from the government inspection department equipment are sent by the PDA by the GSM net (either by own net binding or over a mobile telephone connected with Bluetooth) to an external server, where the evaluation and computation of the route take place, which is then represented on the display. Here however the net use fees result. The advantage is that pilot information is considered and this will thus successfully umfahren to be able (dynamic traffic management). The disadvantage thereby however again is that also in the case of the smallest deviation the route must again be computed, thus again costs to develop and in addition is very unpractical it that in hectic situations, in which one must decide fast, which come much too late necessary information.

Economic view

On the advancement feverful one works at present, because one made oneself it the goal of running off the integrated systems rank. However at present "„the large ones are "“around years ahead and this projection/lead only once to catch up the Handheld industry the next years will employ. So PDA is to get the entrance to the much meant sensors granted, in order to obtain a higher accuracy. Studies over PDA, which are interlaced with the car and can thus also many functions with the Handheld be steered, are running.

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