The Z22-Computer, or simply Z22, was one 1957 of computers built of the Zuse kg.

History

According to the models Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, Z5 and Z11 the Z22 was the sieved computer model, which developed Konrad Zuse. Although also the predecessor models were already commercially driven out starting from the Z4, one can rank also the Z22 still among the first commercial computers; probably one was into Switzerland sold Z4 the first ever commercially acted computer.

The development of the Z22 was approx. 1955 final, which became first copies to Berlin and Aachen sold. The first standard manufactured tube computer of Germany was built starting from 1957, 50 copies for the inland and 5 copies for the foreign country. The company Zeiss had a computer for its optical computations.

Rumor way is to have been the Z22 the first computer with magnetic storage. Since however both the core memory and the drum storage were invented already before and allegedly in prototypes of military computers to have been used to be supposed, this appears questionably.

Technical data

In the standard design the Z22 was equipped as follows:

• 14 words core memories with 38 bits word width
• 38 drum storage kByte
• Punched-tape reader /-schreiber as mass storages
• 380 V, 16 A three-phase alternating current supply
• 600 electron tubes, as flip-flops switched.
• Electrical cooling system, which needs its own Wasseranschluss - as it were "“water cooling"”

The clock frequency of the Z22 amounted to 3 kHz, which corresponded accurately to the speed Trommelspeichers.Die input of data could both by means of the punched-tape reader and by a direct input from data at the drum storage unit and by means of tracers for the direct programming of the core memory be made.

The expenditure of data could be made by the punch card writer, some data could also by means of fluorescent lamps be indicated, which indicated important register contents.

Programming of the Z22

The Z22 was developed with the goal, to program of being simpler than the computers that predecessor generation they in machine code was programmed; each instruction was 38 bits long and into five fields of firm long divided:

• The first 2 bits were always "“10"”
• The next 5 bits contained a condition operator symbol
• The next 13 bits contained operator
• The next 5 bits contained an address of core memories
• The last 13 bits contained a drum storage address

Around programming further to simplify a assembler-similar language was developed named "“Freiburger code"”. This language was developed with the goal of simplifying the implementation of mathematical algorithms; this goal was also achieved.

Z22 today

Probably some Z22 rot most divided into Europe before itself, probably or defectively. The professional school Karlsruhe possesses however a restored and fully functional copy with the series number 13, which was built 1958. This full-functional machine is the center for art and medium technology (ZKM) as continuous loan to 9. March 2005 handed over. It was taken apart by the two Zuse experts Hans Baumann and Helmut Kammerer and developed in the ZKM again.

The Konrad Zuse Computermuseum in Hoyerswerda (Saxonia) possesses two - functional however no longer - copies of the Z22.

Literature

• Clemens Kieser: "„I am too putridly for counting "“- Konrad Zuses computer Z22 in the center for art and medium technology Karlsruhe. In: Care of monuments in Baden-Wuerttemberg. 4/34/2005. Esslingen at the Neckar. P. 180-184.
• Wolfgang Stieler: Tube logic and drum storage. In Karlsruhe still another Z22 von Zuse runs. In: c't. 20/2002. P. 100-104.

Related links

• pl.attitu.de/zuse
• Delivery of the only still current Z22
• Karlsruhe: Urban history - computer Zuse Z22 in the professional school Karlsruhe
• Zuse Z22 in the center for art and medium history Karlsruhe
• The Life and Work OF Konrad Zuse: The Z22 computer
• Konrad Zuse Computermuseum
• Description at Konrad Zuse - computer museum of the city Hoyerswerda

Articles in category "Zuse Z22"

We found here 3 articles.

Related Websites

We found here 6 related websites.

• August 25th 2005: The Algorithmic Revolution - Heavy machinery and ...
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• Konrad Zuse
  Konrad Zuse's Z22. ... Flexible programming and efficient construction. An original Z22 is on display in the Heimatmuseum Huenfeld. ...


• Museen in Schleswig-Holstein, Gro
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• Rhizome.org: The Algorithmic Revolution
  It's a Zuse Z22 from 1957, the seventh computer from the world's first computer start-up company, Konrad Zuse AG, and the oldest functioning vacuum-tube ...


• Z22 Homepage
  Die Zuse Z22/13 der FH Karlsruhe. Zu Ehren von Konrad Zuse und zum 25. Jahrestag der Gr